Conversion Cheat Sheet

Here’s the refactored cheat sheet with common prefixes consolidated at the top for easier reference:

Common Prefixes

Prefix	Symbol	Factor
Micro	μ	10^-6
Milli	m	10^-3
Centi	c	10^-2
Kilo	k	10^3
Mega	M	10^6
Giga	G	10^9

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Length

From	To	Conversion
1 inch	centimeters	2.54 cm
1 foot	meters	0.3048 m
1 mile	kilometers	1.60934 km

Common conversions:

• 1 μm (micrometer) = 10^-6 m
• 1 mm (millimeter) = 10^-3 m
• 1 cm (centimeter) = 10^-2 m
• 1 km (kilometer) = 10^3 m
• 1 Mm (megameter) = 10^6 m
• 1 Gm (gigameter) = 10^9 m

Formula: meters = feet × 0.3048

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Mass

From	To	Conversion
1 pound	kilograms	0.453592 kg
1 ounce	grams	28.3495 g

Common conversions:

• 1 μg (microgram) = 10^-6 g
• 1 mg (milligram) = 10^-3 g
• 1 kg (kilogram) = 10^3 g
• 1 Mg (megagram) = 10^6 g
• 1 Gg (gigagram) = 10^9 g

Formula: kilograms = pounds × 0.453592

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Volume

From	To	Conversion
1 gallon (US)	liters	3.78541 L
1 cubic foot	cubic meters	0.0283168 m³

Common conversions:

• 1 μL (microliter) = 10^-6 L
• 1 mL (milliliter) = 10^-3 L
• 1 kL (kiloliter) = 10^3 L
• 1 ML (megaliter) = 10^6 L
• 1 GL (gigaliter) = 10^9 L

Formula: liters = gallons × 3.78541

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Temperature

• °F to °C: (°F - 32) × $\frac{5}{9}$
• °C to °F: (°C × $\frac{9}{5}$) + 32
• K to °C: K - 273.15
• °C to K: °C + 273.15

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Electric Units

Quantity	Unit	Symbol
Current	Ampere	A
Voltage	Volt	V
Resistance	Ohm	Ω
Power	Watt	W
Capacitance	Farad	F
Inductance	Henry	H

Common conversions:

• μA (microampere) = $\mu \times A$
• mA (milliampere) = $m\times A$
• kA (kiloampere) = $k\times A$
• MV (megavolt) = $M\times V$

Formulas:

• Power (W) = Voltage (V) × Current (A)
• Resistance (Ω) = Voltage (V) / Current (A)

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Energy

From	To	Conversion
1 kilowatt-hour	joules	3,600,000 J
1 calorie	joules	4.184 J

Common conversions:

• 1 mJ (millijoule) = $m\times J$
• 1 kJ (kilojoule) = $k\times J$
• 1 MJ (megajoule) = $M\times J$
• 1 GJ (gigajoule) = $G\times J$

Formula: joules = calories × $4.184$

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Data Communication Units

Unit	Equivalent
1 byte	8 bits
1 kilobyte (KB)	1,024 bytes
1 megabyte (MB)	1,024 KB
1 gigabyte (GB)	1,024 MB
1 terabyte (TB)	1,024 GB

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Data Transfer Rates

From	To	Conversion
1 Mbps	Kbps	1,000 Kbps
1 Gbps	Mbps	1,000 Mbps

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Frequency

From	To	Conversion
1 kHz	Hz	1,000 Hz
1 MHz	kHz	1,000 kHz
1 GHz	MHz	1,000 MHz

Common conversions:

• mHz (millihertz) = $m\times Hz$

Formula: Hz = $\frac{1}{\text{period in seconds}}$

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This refactored cheat sheet provides a streamlined reference for unit conversions in STEM fields, with common prefixes listed at the top for easy access and references throughout the document where appropriate.